基于互信息和PID神经网络的SCR脱硝扰动补偿控制

针对火电厂选择性催化还原(Selective Catalytic Reduction，SCR)烟气脱硝系统机理复杂，工况变化时呈现的不确定性、强扰动等特点，提出了一种基于互信息和PID神经网络的SCR烟气脱硝扰动补偿控制方法。利用PID前向神经网络的学习性能逼近被控对象的逆构成扰动观测器对系统进行反馈补偿，以达到超前消除系统扰动的目的。选取观测扰动和系统扰动的互信息为目标函数，采用改进的帝国竞争算法实现PID神经网络权值的优化调整。设计鲁棒PID控制器来进一步克服被控对象存在的不确定性。仿真实验表明，该方法具有突出的抗干扰能力和较好的鲁棒性，控制品质优于常规的PID控制。     

Distributionally robust optimization of home energy management system based on receding horizon optimization

This paper investigates the scheduling strategy of schedulable load in home energy management system (HEMS) under uncertain environment by proposing a distributionally robust optimization (DRO) method based on receding horizon optimization (RHO-DRO). First, the optimization model of HEMS, which contains uncertain variable outdoor temperature and hot water demand, is established and the scheduling problem is developed into a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) by using the DRO method based on the ambiguity sets of the probability distribution of uncertain variables. Combined with RHO, the MILP is solved in a rolling fashion using the latest update data related to uncertain variables. The simulation results demonstrate that the scheduling results are robust under uncertain environment while satisfying all operating constraints with little violation of user thermal comfort. Furthermore, compared with the robust optimization (RO) method, the RHO-DRO method proposed in this paper has a lower conservation and can save more electricity for users.     

精密磨床转台静压轴承的强健化设计

针对精密磨床转台静压轴承性能仿真数据与其回转精度实测数据不一致的问题，为提高转台静压轴承的设计水平，提出了静压轴承的强健化设计方法。该方法考虑了轴承结构参数在轴承全生命周期内的变化，分析了半径间隙、油腔尺寸、节流比及润滑油黏度在设计、加工、装配和服役4个阶段的变化规律，重点研究了半径间隙在各阶段对轴承性能造成的影响，给出了转台静压轴承的强健化设计流程。通过一个径向轴承的设计实例对该强健化设计方法进行了说明，并将设计结果与传统设计进行了对比。对比的指标是轴承在4个阶段的刚度、承载力和温升，这3个指标对轴承回转精度有直接影响。研究表明：进行强健化设计后，在生命周期内静压轴承的刚度和承载力的变化量为10%~27%，温度的变化量为0.5%~1.6%，较传统设计更能保证转台回转精度的稳定。     

Loss cost reduction and power quality improvement with applying robust optimization algorithm for optimum energy storage system placement and capacitor bank allocation

Power losses cause the underutilization of distributed generation (DG) units in addition to the cost increasing in microgrid. Minimizing these losses has been focused in many papers. Using energy storage system (ESS) is a crucial solution for loss reduction. ESS can balance the power exchange in on-peak times where its location and size optimization can improve the microgrid efficiency and reduce the loss cost significantly. Moreover, to ensure the power quality by improving the voltage profile, capacitor bank can be installed optimally on some buses. Optimization of size and location of the capacitor bank can enhance the reactive power that is leading to power loss reduction. In other words, the capacitor bank is applied to compensate the total reactive power and consequently, the current is reduced that results in power loss reduction. In this article, the problem is defined as the optimum location and size of ESS and capacitor bank in the microgrid. Due to the complexity of the problem in many options for selecting the buses to implement these elements (ESS and capacitor bank), robust approach using the particle swarm optimization algorithm and general algebraic modeling system are applied for optimization process. In addition, the uncertainty of renewable DGs such as photovoltaic and wind turbine is modeled by probability density functions and Monte-Carlo is used for selecting more probable cases in optimization processes. The results show the loss cost reduction and improvement in voltage and power profile with less fluctuations and more stability.     

Nonlinear robust dual-loop control for electro-hydraulic load simulator

This paper investigates on the high performance torque control of electro-hydraulic load simulator (EHLS). In order to suppress actuator׳s motion disturbance, a nonlinear robust dual-loop control scheme is developed, which consists of a open-loop nonlinear velocity feed-forward compensator and a closed-loop nonlinear deterministic robust torque controller. The main function of the open-loop compensator is to decouple actuator׳s active motion disturbance, whereas the torque loop controller aims at guaranteeing the dynamics performance of tracking torque reference. Besides actuator׳s motion disturbance, both the nonlinearity characteristics and friction problem of the EHLS system are taken into consideration in this paper. The effectiveness of the developed method are verified through comparative co-simulations and experiments.     

Adaptive robust boundary control of shaft vibrations under perturbations with unknown upper bounds

This paper presents robust and adaptive boundary control designs to stabilize the two‐dimensional vibration of hybrid shaft model. The hybrid shaft is mathematically represented by a set of partial differential equations, governing the shaft vibrations, coupled to ordinary differential equations, describing rigid body spinning and dynamic boundary conditions. The control objective is to stabilize the transverse vibrations of the perturbed shaft while regulating the spinning rate. To achieve this, the paper first establishes robust boundary control laws that fulfil the control objective in the presence of modeling uncertainties and external disturbances operating over the shaft domain and boundary. Lyapunov‐based analyses show that the proposed robust control exponentially stabilizes the shaft with vanishing distributive perturbations, while assuring ultimately bounded vibrations in the case of nonvanishing perturbations. Then, adaptive control philosophy is utilized to achieve redesigned robust controllers that only use online adaptation of control gains without acquiring the knowledge of bounds on perturbations, as well as dynamic parameters. An advantage of this design is avoiding an overconservative robust control law, which may induce poor stability and chattering in tackling system perturbations with unknown upper bounds. Simulations through finite element method illustrate the results. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于随机模型的动车组制动模块稳健优化设计

针对目前产品优化设计中未考虑设计变量随机性和灵敏度指数对产品质量特性的影响及优化求解效率低等问题，提出一种综合考虑灵敏度指数与质量损失函数的稳健优化设计方法。通过假设设计变量的分布类型，得到设计变量的概率分布特征，将设计变量对产品质量特性的灵敏度指数与质量损失函数加权整合，并以此作为优化目标，以设计变量的容差作为约束条件，构建随机稳健优化模型。通过扩大种群数目、改进控制参数及增加惩罚因子的方法对遗传算法进行改进，结合改进的遗传算法对优化模型进行求解，得到优化模型的全局稳健最优解。以某动车组制动模块为例，采用给出的方法对其进行稳健优化设计，验证该方法的有效性与合理性。优化结果表明，该方法能够实现动车组制动模块的稳健优化设计，提高了制动模块的抗干扰能力。     

Robustness analysis and distributed control of a networked system with time-varying delays

This paper is concerned with the robustness analysis and distributed output feedback control of a networked system with uncertain time-varying communication delays. This system consists of a collection of linear time-invariant subsystems that are spatially interconnected via an arbitrary directed network. Using a dissipation inequality that incorporates dynamic hard IQCs (integral quadratic constraints) for the delay uncertainties, we derive some sufficient robustness conditions in the form of coupled linear matrix inequalities, in which the coupled parts reflect the interconnection structure of the system. We then provide a procedure to construct a distributed controller to ensure the robust stability of the closed-loop system and to achieve a prescribed $\ell_2$-gain performance. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by some numerical examples.     

匹配机械弹性车轮的电子稳定控制器参数分析

为了提高匹配机械弹性车轮(MEW)的某越野车操纵稳定性，考虑MEW与传统子午线轮胎侧偏特性存在的不确定性摄动，基于Lyapunov稳定性理论为电子稳定控制(ESC)程序设计了鲁棒反馈控制器；引入轮胎侧偏刚度不确定性的范数有界模型，运用Schur补引理和线性矩阵不等式(LMI)求解反馈矩阵。设定不同的车速和路面附着系数，通过搭建CarSim/Simulink联合仿真平台对控制器展开鱼钩试验，仿真结果表明，匹配MEW的ESC控制器能够保证车辆行驶的稳定性，横摆角速度与质心侧偏角跟踪误差分别稳定在0.03~0.3 rad/s与0.06~0.1 rad之内，并且设计的控制算法对MEW在05倍普通充气车轮侧偏刚度变化范围内具有很好的鲁棒性，从而为匹配MEW的整车主动安全控制提供了理论参考。